Journal issues > Issue 3, May 2025 > Clinical application of circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) in breast cancer management

Clinical application of circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) in breast cancer management

By: S. Loizidis MD, M. Ignatiadis MD, PhD

SUMMARY

In recent years, the introduction of circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) has advanced precision medicine in breast cancer management. Progress in tumour biology and improvements in ctDNA detection assays have enabled its implementation in metastatic breast cancer, with regulatory authorities approving assays for detecting specific mutations to guide treatment selection. In early breast cancer, studies have demonstrated that ctDNA detection during follow-up after definitive treatment is associated with worse outcomes. Ongoing interventional studies are evaluating the clinical utility of ctDNA in this context. Additionally, the potential role of ctDNA in breast cancer screening is under investigation. This review discusses the current indications for ctDNA and ongoing studies in breast cancer.

(BELG J MED ONCOL 2025;19(3): 96–103)

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