Extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) is a highly aggressive malignancy characterised by rapid growth, high metastatic potential, and poor prognosis. Despite historically limited progress, recent advances in immunotherapy and targeted agents have reshaped the treatment landscape. This article provides an overview of current standards and emerging strategies to improve outcomes for patients with ES-SCLC. The article is limited to systemic therapy and does not address the role of radiotherapy.
