From the 8th till the 12th of September, Madrid was the host city for the 2017 ESMO Congress. The central theme of the congress was ‘Integrating science into oncology for a better patient outcome’, as it is crucial that researchers and clinicians exchange knowledge in an era of deep understanding of the molecular biology underlying the development of cancer. ESMO 2017 was attended by almost 24,000 registered attendees. This report will highlight eleven key studies concerning genitourinary cancers presented during the meeting.

(BELG J ONCOL 2017;11(7):326–333)