At ESMO 2020, again many interesting studies in the field of respiratory oncology were presented. For non-metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), there was a focus on neoadjuvant immunotherapy, adjuvant treatment with osimertinib and post-operative conformal radiotherapy. When addressing metastatic NSCLC, much attention went to combination strategies such as combining EGFR and VEGF inhibitors, an EGFR-MET antibody plus a tyrosine kinase inhibitor or VEGF and PD-1 inhibitor combinations. In addition, the question was raised on whether immunotherapy can cure metastatic NSCLC. Finally, this overview will describe important results in the field of non-metastatic and metastatic small-cell lung cancer (SCLC).