Over the last decade, the introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors and targeted agents inhibiting BRAF, and MEK signal transduction pathways revolutionised the treatment paradigm for patients with metastatic melanoma. However, to date there is still no consensus on the optimal treatment sequence in BRAF-mutant metastatic melanoma. In the absence of prospective, randomised data, the treatment choice in clinical practice is mainly driven by patient characteristics. More recently, clinical trials are assessing the optimal treatment sequence of targeted therapy and immunotherapy, while other studies are looking into the potential of combining both treatment modalities in first-line.
