Schistosomiasis is rarely diagnosed in Western European countries. However, due to the popularity of exotic vacations, more and more western patients can get infected by schistosomiasis. Awareness of this disease is important, as an infection can lead to non-transitional cell bladder carcinoma in the long run (squamous cell carcinoma; SCC). In this article, we present a rare case of urogenital schistosomiasis in a 27-year old Belgian male. Extensive patient history together with eosinophil count and bladder biopsy, is the key to making the diagnosis. Medical treatment with praziquantel is often sufficient. (BELG J MED ONCOL 2012;6:97–101)
