To present a comparison between the recommendations for early detection of prostate cancer in men without evidence of prostate cancer related symptoms, as proposed by the European Association of Urology and the American Urological Association. Prostate-specific antigen screening for prostate cancer has been and still is one of the most controversial issues in medicine. Recent guideline statements and recommendations have led to further confusion and controversy regarding the use of prostate-specific antigen testing for the early detection of prostate cancer. In this text we try to summarise the different points of view of both societies and the evidence they are based upon.

(BELG J MED ONCOL 2015;9(5):179–82)